1 00:00:13,490 --> 00:00:17,330 it's known for its beauty and grace but 2 00:00:17,330 --> 00:00:17,340 it's known for its beauty and grace but 3 00:00:17,340 --> 00:00:19,700 it's known for its beauty and grace but from a scientific point of view what 4 00:00:19,700 --> 00:00:19,710 from a scientific point of view what 5 00:00:19,710 --> 00:00:21,950 from a scientific point of view what makes Bermuda unique amongst the world 6 00:00:21,950 --> 00:00:21,960 makes Bermuda unique amongst the world 7 00:00:21,960 --> 00:00:24,490 makes Bermuda unique amongst the world islands is that it's relatively flat 8 00:00:24,490 --> 00:00:24,500 islands is that it's relatively flat 9 00:00:24,500 --> 00:00:27,200 islands is that it's relatively flat only the ant holes in the Pacific have 10 00:00:27,200 --> 00:00:27,210 only the ant holes in the Pacific have 11 00:00:27,210 --> 00:00:30,650 only the ant holes in the Pacific have similar elevations this means no local 12 00:00:30,650 --> 00:00:30,660 similar elevations this means no local 13 00:00:30,660 --> 00:00:33,770 similar elevations this means no local clouds form over the island cloud cover 14 00:00:33,770 --> 00:00:33,780 clouds form over the island cloud cover 15 00:00:33,780 --> 00:00:36,110 clouds form over the island cloud cover in Bermuda is the same as in the ocean 16 00:00:36,110 --> 00:00:36,120 in Bermuda is the same as in the ocean 17 00:00:36,120 --> 00:00:38,180 in Bermuda is the same as in the ocean surrounding which is why Charles 18 00:00:38,180 --> 00:00:38,190 surrounding which is why Charles 19 00:00:38,190 --> 00:00:40,250 surrounding which is why Charles Whitlock in his college from NASA's 20 00:00:40,250 --> 00:00:40,260 Whitlock in his college from NASA's 21 00:00:40,260 --> 00:00:42,319 Whitlock in his college from NASA's Langley Research Center in Virginia are 22 00:00:42,319 --> 00:00:42,329 Langley Research Center in Virginia are 23 00:00:42,329 --> 00:00:44,840 Langley Research Center in Virginia are here working at the NASA tracking 24 00:00:44,840 --> 00:00:44,850 here working at the NASA tracking 25 00:00:44,850 --> 00:00:47,060 here working at the NASA tracking station on the northeast part of the 26 00:00:47,060 --> 00:00:47,070 station on the northeast part of the 27 00:00:47,070 --> 00:00:49,310 station on the northeast part of the island they are conducting the first 28 00:00:49,310 --> 00:00:49,320 island they are conducting the first 29 00:00:49,320 --> 00:00:51,350 island they are conducting the first global surface radiation budget 30 00:00:51,350 --> 00:00:51,360 global surface radiation budget 31 00:00:51,360 --> 00:00:54,049 global surface radiation budget experiment to determine if climate 32 00:00:54,049 --> 00:00:54,059 experiment to determine if climate 33 00:00:54,059 --> 00:00:56,180 experiment to determine if climate models based on satellite information 34 00:00:56,180 --> 00:00:56,190 models based on satellite information 35 00:00:56,190 --> 00:01:00,439 models based on satellite information are accurate one significant variable in 36 00:01:00,439 --> 00:01:00,449 are accurate one significant variable in 37 00:01:00,449 --> 00:01:02,869 are accurate one significant variable in climate modeling is the height the ocean 38 00:01:02,869 --> 00:01:02,879 climate modeling is the height the ocean 39 00:01:02,879 --> 00:01:06,469 climate modeling is the height the ocean clouds these satellite soundings give us 40 00:01:06,469 --> 00:01:06,479 clouds these satellite soundings give us 41 00:01:06,479 --> 00:01:09,560 clouds these satellite soundings give us information on the cloud top altitudes 42 00:01:09,560 --> 00:01:09,570 information on the cloud top altitudes 43 00:01:09,570 --> 00:01:11,990 information on the cloud top altitudes because it sees the top but it can tell 44 00:01:11,990 --> 00:01:12,000 because it sees the top but it can tell 45 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,210 because it sees the top but it can tell us nothing about how thick the clouds 46 00:01:14,210 --> 00:01:14,220 us nothing about how thick the clouds 47 00:01:14,220 --> 00:01:15,980 us nothing about how thick the clouds are and how close they are to the 48 00:01:15,980 --> 00:01:15,990 are and how close they are to the 49 00:01:15,990 --> 00:01:19,070 are and how close they are to the surface of the earth scientists must 50 00:01:19,070 --> 00:01:19,080 surface of the earth scientists must 51 00:01:19,080 --> 00:01:22,190 surface of the earth scientists must estimate these factors and to test the 52 00:01:22,190 --> 00:01:22,200 estimate these factors and to test the 53 00:01:22,200 --> 00:01:24,469 estimate these factors and to test the precision of their calculations the 54 00:01:24,469 --> 00:01:24,479 precision of their calculations the 55 00:01:24,479 --> 00:01:26,270 precision of their calculations the Langley team has converted an old 56 00:01:26,270 --> 00:01:26,280 Langley team has converted an old 57 00:01:26,280 --> 00:01:29,210 Langley team has converted an old observation dome into a laser laboratory 58 00:01:29,210 --> 00:01:29,220 observation dome into a laser laboratory 59 00:01:29,220 --> 00:01:32,510 observation dome into a laser laboratory a narrow green beam is pulsed from the 60 00:01:32,510 --> 00:01:32,520 a narrow green beam is pulsed from the 61 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:35,010 a narrow green beam is pulsed from the control room into the sky 62 00:01:35,010 --> 00:01:35,020 control room into the sky 63 00:01:35,020 --> 00:01:36,929 control room into the sky amount of light bouncing off the clouds 64 00:01:36,929 --> 00:01:36,939 amount of light bouncing off the clouds 65 00:01:36,939 --> 00:01:39,240 amount of light bouncing off the clouds back into the instrument very accurately 66 00:01:39,240 --> 00:01:39,250 back into the instrument very accurately 67 00:01:39,250 --> 00:01:42,029 back into the instrument very accurately determines cloud heights measurements 68 00:01:42,029 --> 00:01:42,039 determines cloud heights measurements 69 00:01:42,039 --> 00:01:44,520 determines cloud heights measurements are taken at four very specific times a 70 00:01:44,520 --> 00:01:44,530 are taken at four very specific times a 71 00:01:44,530 --> 00:01:48,149 are taken at four very specific times a day we wanted to take the meteorological 72 00:01:48,149 --> 00:01:48,159 day we wanted to take the meteorological 73 00:01:48,159 --> 00:01:50,399 day we wanted to take the meteorological data at the exact instant that the 74 00:01:50,399 --> 00:01:50,409 data at the exact instant that the 75 00:01:50,409 --> 00:01:52,410 data at the exact instant that the satellite was passing over to improve 76 00:01:52,410 --> 00:01:52,420 satellite was passing over to improve 77 00:01:52,420 --> 00:01:55,889 satellite was passing over to improve accuracy a visual record of cloud 78 00:01:55,889 --> 00:01:55,899 accuracy a visual record of cloud 79 00:01:55,899 --> 00:01:58,859 accuracy a visual record of cloud conditions is also produced a small 80 00:01:58,859 --> 00:01:58,869 conditions is also produced a small 81 00:01:58,869 --> 00:02:00,959 conditions is also produced a small camera in this protective metal housing 82 00:02:00,959 --> 00:02:00,969 camera in this protective metal housing 83 00:02:00,969 --> 00:02:03,719 camera in this protective metal housing is aimed at a reflective dome the 84 00:02:03,719 --> 00:02:03,729 is aimed at a reflective dome the 85 00:02:03,729 --> 00:02:06,120 is aimed at a reflective dome the resulting images recorded along with 86 00:02:06,120 --> 00:02:06,130 resulting images recorded along with 87 00:02:06,130 --> 00:02:08,550 resulting images recorded along with dates and times provide more ground 88 00:02:08,550 --> 00:02:08,560 dates and times provide more ground 89 00:02:08,560 --> 00:02:14,430 dates and times provide more ground truth information instrument packages 90 00:02:14,430 --> 00:02:14,440 truth information instrument packages 91 00:02:14,440 --> 00:02:16,620 truth information instrument packages weighing about 40 pounds are also being 92 00:02:16,620 --> 00:02:16,630 weighing about 40 pounds are also being 93 00:02:16,630 --> 00:02:19,650 weighing about 40 pounds are also being used in the study these measure the 94 00:02:19,650 --> 00:02:19,660 used in the study these measure the 95 00:02:19,660 --> 00:02:21,539 used in the study these measure the amounts of solar and thermal radiation 96 00:02:21,539 --> 00:02:21,549 amounts of solar and thermal radiation 97 00:02:21,549 --> 00:02:24,600 amounts of solar and thermal radiation reaching the ocean surface important 98 00:02:24,600 --> 00:02:24,610 reaching the ocean surface important 99 00:02:24,610 --> 00:02:30,270 reaching the ocean surface important factors in climate model up to four 100 00:02:30,270 --> 00:02:30,280 factors in climate model up to four 101 00:02:30,280 --> 00:02:34,190 factors in climate model up to four weather balloons are prepared each day 102 00:02:34,190 --> 00:02:34,200 weather balloons are prepared each day 103 00:02:34,200 --> 00:02:36,479 weather balloons are prepared each day devices attached to the balloons 104 00:02:36,479 --> 00:02:36,489 devices attached to the balloons 105 00:02:36,489 --> 00:02:38,580 devices attached to the balloons obtained temperature and humidity 106 00:02:38,580 --> 00:02:38,590 obtained temperature and humidity 107 00:02:38,590 --> 00:02:41,309 obtained temperature and humidity readings through the atmosphere again 108 00:02:41,309 --> 00:02:41,319 readings through the atmosphere again 109 00:02:41,319 --> 00:02:43,590 readings through the atmosphere again launch times coincide with satellite 110 00:02:43,590 --> 00:02:43,600 launch times coincide with satellite 111 00:02:43,600 --> 00:02:51,559 launch times coincide with satellite overpasses 112 00:02:51,559 --> 00:02:51,569 113 00:02:51,569 --> 00:02:54,809 the surface radiation budget experiment 114 00:02:54,809 --> 00:02:54,819 the surface radiation budget experiment 115 00:02:54,819 --> 00:02:57,300 the surface radiation budget experiment is part of a world climate research 116 00:02:57,300 --> 00:02:57,310 is part of a world climate research 117 00:02:57,310 --> 00:02:59,849 is part of a world climate research program similar ground truth 118 00:02:59,849 --> 00:02:59,859 program similar ground truth 119 00:02:59,859 --> 00:03:01,949 program similar ground truth measurements are being made at sites 120 00:03:01,949 --> 00:03:01,959 measurements are being made at sites 121 00:03:01,959 --> 00:03:04,369 measurements are being made at sites around the globe with this information 122 00:03:04,369 --> 00:03:04,379 around the globe with this information 123 00:03:04,379 --> 00:03:07,500 around the globe with this information will be able to better predict ocean 124 00:03:07,500 --> 00:03:07,510 will be able to better predict ocean 125 00:03:07,510 --> 00:03:11,130 will be able to better predict ocean warming ice melt prop growth as well as 126 00:03:11,130 --> 00:03:11,140 warming ice melt prop growth as well as 127 00:03:11,140 --> 00:03:15,720 warming ice melt prop growth as well as long term climatic past the global 128 00:03:15,720 --> 00:03:15,730 long term climatic past the global 129 00:03:15,730 --> 00:03:18,170 long term climatic past the global surface radiation budget experiment 130 00:03:18,170 --> 00:03:18,180 surface radiation budget experiment 131 00:03:18,180 --> 00:03:20,699 surface radiation budget experiment ensuring that our picture of the world's 132 00:03:20,699 --> 00:03:20,709 ensuring that our picture of the world's 133 00:03:20,709 --> 00:03:24,569 ensuring that our picture of the world's climate is properly focused